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1. A study on energy security indicators for Thailand power sector: Utility aspect by Molnira Thamsereekul1 and Weerin Wangiraniran
2. A comparative study of energy literacy of secondary-school students: Case studies of 3 Amphoe in Lopburi province by Junlapong Udompornpibul and Sopitsuda Tongsopit
3. A case study of a waste processing plant fuel establishment in Nonthaburi municipality, Nonthaburi province by Kornkamol Saranrom and Wittaya Yongcharoen
4. Potentials of transforming Napier grass to energy by Suriya Somsiri and Supawat Vivanpatarakij
5. An assessment of the technical and economic potential of rooftop solar systems on Chulalongkorn university’s buildings by Natthapong suwanasang and Sopitsuda tongsopit
6. Optimal battery energy storage system for PV grid connector for customer with time-of-use tariff by Teerapat Manmit and Parnjit Damrongkulkamjorn

Volume : 12    Issue : 2    Year : 2015

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1. Enerygy improvement of aluminum melting furnace employing bunker oil burner type by Kosit Pugasab and Witthaya Yongcharoen
2. Building modification for evaluation of green building using TREES standard by Prapatsorn Wongyuen and Witthaya Yongcharoen
3. Pre-feasbility study of coal gasification for ceramic industry in Lampang by Soraat Srisukh and Thitisak Boonpramote
4. Comparative study on reliability and connectivity of communication network for microgrid operation: Muang Mae Hong Son district case study by Waritsara Artsatit, Chaiyachet Saivichit and Naebboon Hoonchareon
5. Estimation surface tension of biodiesel from saponification number and iodien value by Suriya Phankosol and Kanit Krisnangkura
6. Public opinion on automotive carbon tax of Thailand by Rewadee Limawatanachai and Dawan Wiwattanadate

Volume : 12    Issue : 1    Year : 2015

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1. Planning and control system for energy consumption of motorcycles spare parts industry by Anarat Thiamsawet1 and Suthas Ratanakuakangwan
2. Study of the suitable cleaning time interval of compressor in gas turbine of combined cycle power plant by Nartnipa Chujitarom and Witthaya Yongchareon
3. Decidion under risk for fishing-trawler investment business in Thailand by Warossaporn Leknetthip and Thitisak Boonpramote
4. A developement of quality indicators for energy management system in energy conservation promotion act (NO.2), B.E. 2550 (2007)  by Anek Thianboocha
5. ASTM 6751 optimization of biodiesel production from chicken fat using response surface methodology by Theethawat Singhasiri
6. Application of neutral network for the performance prediction of absorption chiller by Pattira Lomlek and Withaya Yongcharoen
7. A study of appropriate cooling tower fanc operating for a combined cycle power plant by Suwattana Wapinanon and Sompong Putivisutisak

Volume : 11    Issue : 2    Year : 2014

Detail:

1. ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR ISO 50001:2011 FOR AUTOMOTIVE PARTS FACTORIES
   Pichet Pasena and Sompong Putivisutisak

   ABSTRACT

   The objective of this research is to investigate a procedure to improve the existing energy management system based on The Energy Conservation Promotion Act B.E. 2535 (1992) (as amended by Energy Conservation Promotion Act (No.2) B.E. 2550 (2007)) to meet the requirements of the internationally recognized ISO 50001:2011. The case study here is an automotive parts manufacturing company, which is considered a designated factory under the aforementioned law. The 8-step energy management system according to the law was compared with the system that meets the ISO 50001:2011 requirements. It was found that both energy management systems share a lot of similarities as they both apply the Plan-Do-Check-Action (PDCA) procedure in their basic functions on the Deming cycle. Slight differences between the two systems lay in the details of the procedure which are to be adjusted to meet the ISO 50001:2011 requirements, which include more detailed specifications yet allow for higher flexibility. The areas that deserve great emphasis are the identification of the areas of significant energy use, the setting of energy saving targets through Statistical Process Control (SPC), the energy saving measures to be taken and energy management system monitoring and review.

   KEYWORDS : Energy Management System Designated Factories ISO 50001 Deming Cycle

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2. A BASELINE STUDY OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN ELECTRICAL CABLE PRODUCTION
   Pannipa Kasemcharoenwong and Suthas Rattanakuakangwan

   ABSTRACT

   This main objective of this research is to study the baseline of electrical energy and fuel consumption per unit output from an electrical cable factory under the control of “The Energy Conservation Promotion ACT, B.E. 2535”[1] to analyze the trend line of energy consumption with productivity in 2012 – 2013 by using of the simple linear regression equation[2]. There are 4 production processes concerned in this study; melting, rolling, threading and braiding. The energy consumption was used to verify the process that may consume most energy. So, the pie chart will show total energy consumption in MJ unit. As the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) of furnace, roller machine, threading machine and cable braiding machine in 2012 and 2013 are analyzed for causes of energy loss, therefore, the coefficient of availability rate, performance efficiency and quality rate. The furnace use 31% of total energy while OEE of furnace in 2012 is 0.32 because performance efficiency of furnace is decreased. Moreover, the guideline of energy safety in the electrical cable production is offered to improve the efficiency of energy management in the factory.

   KEYWORDS : Baseline of energy consumption, Electrical cable factory, Overall Equipment Effectiveness, Energy management

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3. A STUDY OF BUILDING ENVELOPE AND SAVING ENERGY GUIDELINES
   Pratchaya Patthawong and Wittaya Yongcharoen

   ABSTRACT

   This research aims to saving energy and reducing electricity consumption in the condominiums before the Act of Parliament in support to save the energy in 2011 had been announced. There were many condominiums that had unstandardized heat transfer through building envelope value in the Act of Parliament in support to save the energy in 2011 by surveyed 5 low-rise condominiums, not higher than 8 floors. The blueprint plan was used to define the heat transfer through building envelope value and amount of using in electric energy and power by using the Building Energy Code (BEC) program v.1.0.5. The results show that 5 low-rise condominiums had unstandardized in heat transfer of wall and roof building envelope value. Also, has presented the way to reduce the heat transfer through building envelope value and make more efficient in using the electric energy and power. It can be divided into 2 parts; wall and roof. In wall part, shading devices scene has been used in a part of translucent walls by using both horizontal and vertical size and protrudes from the wall 40 centimeters (S40) and 80 centimeters (S80), respectively, so does lath (STT). Also polyethylene, with a thickness of 5 millimeters (W5) and 10 millimeters (W10), has been used with opaque wall. In roof part, thermal insulation, with a thickness of 5 millimeters (R5), has been installed at the ceiling, in total of 6 paths. The result of this experiment from program has found that there were 4 ways that pass the standardized in heat transfer through building envelope value which are S80W5R5, STTW5R5, S80W10R5, and STTW10R5. In term of saving energy, an STTW10R5 way has the highest value in saving energy which average was 77,563 kWh/Year. In term of financial break even, an STTW5R5 way has the fastest amount of the average break-even which was 2.75 years.

   KEYWORDS : Condominium Shading devices building envelop

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4. A STUDY OF FUEL PRODUCTION POTENTIAL FROM PLASTIC WASTE IN THAILAND
   Tanpitcha Ekabut, Prasert Reubroycharoen and Walairat Uttamaprakrom

   Abstract

   The objective of this research was to study the potential of fuel production from the plastic waste in Thailand. The production of 0.8 – 16 tons per day can be produced to fuel 200 – 10,400 liters per day. The price of the machine from Kamsad Riverkhaw Hotel which has a size of 0.8 tons production is 650,000 baht. The price of the machine from Seasad Pattana which has a size of 5 – 6 tons of production is 3,000,000 baht. The market price of the machine is between 45,000,000 – 65,000,000 baht which has the production size between 10 – 16 tons per day. The average temperature of the machine of each technology is between 300 – 500 Degree Celsius. Materials feed is divided into 2 types which are batch and continuous. The average of fuel production from the plastic waste which is 600 liters. The plastic waste that feed to the machine has 2 type which are PP and PE contain the moisture 5 – 40 percentage and contamination is 5 – 40 percentage. The potential of the fuel from the plastic waste which are 32,083,500 liters per year for 20 percentage, 80,190,500 liters per years for 50 percentage and 160,454,000 liters per year for 100 percentage. The reserved of the waste in the landfill is 2,540,338.91 liters. From the economic study, the soonest payback period (2 – 6 years) of the production of fuel from plastic waste is the production from the reserved landfill.

   KEYWORDS : Pyrolysis, Plastic waste fuel, Payback period

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5. A STUDY OF BIOGAS PRODUCTION POTENTIAL FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER
   Thuchkorn Phonphunthin1, Walairat Uttamaprakrom and Prasert Reubroycharoen

   Abstract

   This research aims to study the potential and appropriate technology for wastewater to produce biogas from industrial wastewater such as cassava starch industry, palm oil mill industry, ethanol industry, food industry and rubber industry.
   This study was included
   1) Documentation review about technology and wastewater characteristic.
   2) Secondary data for biogas technology promotion program in Thailand.
   3) Comparison of the appropriate technology for biogas production from each technology for biogas production from each industrial and economic analysis for wastewater treatment and biogas production investment cost for each industrial.
   The result shows that the highest potential is the ethanol Industry. The second is cassava starch industry and the palm oil mill industry food industry and rubber industry respectively while the wastewater of 5 industries has the high potential of biogas production and the anaerobic technology is suitable for the wastewater which has the high concentration of COD and BOD. Biogas which is the technology that can be conserved the environment and give more benefit for the owner.

   KEYWORDS : Potential Wastewater Biogas Anaerobic Treatment

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6. A Study on Spatial Potential of Biomass for Electricity Generation
   Puttichart Khidhathong1, Weerin Wangjiraniran and Achariya Suriyawong

   ABSTRACT

   The purpose of this study is to estimate the current spatial potential of biomass to produce electricity in Thailand and to compare with the planned electricity capacity generated from biomass in 2030 which is the end of Power Development Plan 2010 Revision 3. Biomass in this study is Thailand’s 5 economic crops; i.e. rice, sugarcane, corn, potato, and palm; which can be categorized by its source into concentrated (i.e. industrialized) type and spread type. The factors to be analyzed are cultivated area and the distance from power line to small and very small biomass power plants, using geographic information system program. The study found that most area in Thailand has potential of biomass for electricity generation, in which spatial potential of concentrated biomass and spread biomass are 1,865 MW and 6,882 MW respectively. Therefore, compared to electricity capacity 3,260 MW generated from biomass plan in 2030, it can be concluded that concentrated biomass alone cannot respond to electricity capacity in such plan. Spread biomass is needed and total potential of both biomass will be 2.7 times of planned electricity capacity. Besides, this study also found that the concentrated biomass which has the most potential to generate electricity is rice husk (714 MW) while the spread biomass is rice straw (1,788 MW) that exist mostly in North and Northeast area.

   KEYWORDS : Biomass Biomass Power Plant Cultivated Area Spatial Potential

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7. Flexibility Valuation Using Real Option Approach From Case Study: Biomass Power Plant 1MW Multi Feedstock Gasification
   Apakorn Pantuwacharapol and Thitisak Boonpramote

   Abstract

   The decision investment alternatives for Biomass power plant with capacity less than 1 MW was considered in five alternatives.These investment alternatives are: investment in power plant capacity 350 KW 1 plant and consider risk assessment for additianal investment until 1MW or investment in power plant capacity 500 KW 1 plant and consider risk assessment for additianal investment until 1MW or investment in power plant capacity 350 KW 2 plants and synchronous with 300 KW 1 plant or investment in power plant capacity 500 KW 2 plants or last alternative investment in power plant capacity 1000 KW 1 plant. By type of biomass fuel (Corncob and Giant King Grass G-120) one kind fuel only or switching fuel by seasonal.Risk assessment from many factors that related the investment such as initial investment capital and different investment alternatives:variance of float time rate (Ft), Price of fuel and variance of Consumer Price Index. The results from Sensitivity Analysis is the most sensitive on the initial investment capital follow by price and Quantity of biomass fuel respectively . The risk assessment of the project return was performed using Monte Carlo simulation approach on the discounted cash flow model (DCF). Then flexibility valuation from 11 probability scenarios in the future and investment in appropriate capacity of the power plant .The results form this analysis found the most flexibility alternative is the investment in power plant capacity 500 kw 1 plant and considered risk assessment for additianal investment until 1 MW by 9.37 MB. The results provide some insights for the planning of financial returns and biomass fuels usage.

   KEYWORDS : Flexibility Valuation, Gasification Power Plant, Monte Carlo Simulation

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Volume : 11    Issue : 1    Year : 2014

Detail:

1. APPROPRIATE FINANCIAL MEASURES FOR THE SUPPORT OF RESIDENTIAL ROOFTOP SOLAR SYSTEMS IN THAILAND
   Disorn Chaichuangchok, Sopitsuda Tongsopit and Naebboon Hoonchareon

   ABSTRACT

   In Thailand, the investment in residential rooftop solar power systems is still not attractive because there is still a lack of support measures for this market segment. The support measures that the government has put in place to date have been focused primarily on large-scale solar farm investment and caused many problems both for the investors and ratepayers. This study hence designs a fixed feed-in tariff measure (FiT) to support residential-scale rooftop solar systems installation. A fixed FiT is an electricity purchasing price that reflects the investment costs of different renewable energy technologies. Three rates of FiT are proposed to provide attractive returns for three levels of income groups. The FiT measure will result in negligible impacts on ratepayers, given the current residential rooftop target specified in Thailand’s Alternative Energy Development Plan.

   KEYWORDS : Solar, Feed-in tariff, adder, Thailand, energy policy

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2. ENERGY-RELATED GREENHOUSE GAS MITIGATION FOR COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT
   Apaphatch Hunsiritrakun and Weerin Wangjiraniran

   ABSTRACT

   This research concern on GHGs emissions emitted from aviation sector which effect on climate change. The objective are analysis of the energy consumption and assessment of the greenhouse gas emissions of the Thailand commercial aircraft under a Landing and Take-Off cycle [LTO] and cruise by analyze and assess on base year [2011] and project forward to 2020. The results showed that 495,037.13 tons of fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions is up to 1,577,922.75 ton CO2e. In short term review, the technology change could not be achieved on the formulation of proposals to address greenhouse gases emissions from international aviation. It is likely that the aviation biofuels are one of the most promising solutions to meet airline’s ambitious carbon emissions reduction goals. The alternative fuels allow airlines to reduce GHGs emissions, ease their dependence on fossil fuels and offset the risks associated with the high volatility of oil and fuel prices. The results of study is a guildline for the sustainable technology development and greenhouse gases emissions reducing as well as management information for consideration to increase energy efficiency in the air transportation.

   KEYWORDS : GHGs Emission, Aircraft emission, Energy Efficiency, Aviation Alternative Fuel.

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3. COAL QUALITY FOR POWER PLANT UNDER AIR QUALITY STANDARDS CONDITIONS
   Seksan Sangdow and Thitisak Boonpramote

   ABSTRACT

   The coal quality to be used as fuel in power plant under air quality standards conditions was found to depend on various factors like thermal efficiency of power plant, heating value of coal, sulfur content in coal, ash content of coal, and efficiency of air pollution control units (APC). When focusing on these results, it would be found that If size of power plant was less than 50 megawatts, thermal efficiency was 40 percent, efficiency of APC for Sulfur Dioxide and Particulate Matter were 96 and 99 percent, respectively, In case of heating value of coal was 3,200 kcal/Kg, sulfur and ash content of coal should not be more than 0.73 and 2.61 percent, respectively, In case of heating value of coal was 5,000 Kcal/Kg, sulfur and ash content of coal should not be more than 1.13 and 4.07 percent, respectively, and In case of heating value of coal was 6,000 Kcal/Kg, sulfur and ash content of coal should not be more than 1.36 and 4.89 percent, respectively, If size of power plant was more than 50 megawatts, thermal efficiency was 40 percent, and efficiency of APC for Sulfur Dioxide and Particulate Matter were 96 and 99 percent, respectively, In case of heating value of coal was 3,200 kcal/Kg, sulfur and ash content of coal should not be more than 0.36 and 2.61 percent, respectively, In case of heating value of coal was 5,000 Kcal/Kg, sulfur and ash content of coal should be less than 0.57 and 4.07 percent, respectively, and In case of heating value of coal was 6,000 Kcal/Kg, sulfur and ash content of coal should be less than 0.68 and 4.89 percent, respectively, In term of potential capacity of coal fire power plant in the study area (29 provinces), there were 8 provinces which would be able to carry these capacities within air quality conditions.

   KEYWORDS : Coal Quality, Sulfur content, Ash content, Heating Value, Thermal Efficiency, Air Quality

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4. BRIQUETTE FUEL FROM CO-PRODUCTION OF ETHANOL INDUSTRIAL WET CAKE AND BIOMASS
   Akekaruk Kitipattaworn, Prasert Reubroycharoen and Walairat Uttamaprakorm

   Abstract

   This objective of this research was to study and develop the biofuel or briquette fuel from wet cake of the wastewater in ethanol industrial and improve the quality of briquette fuel by adding the other biomass that come from the hard shell of fruit (mangosteen shell, durian shell and coconut shell) to improve the efficiency and property of briquette fuel. This research was separated in to 3 parts. The first was study and make the briquette fuel co-production from wet cake of ethanol industrial and fruit shell in different ratio. The second part was analyzing the produced briquette fuel that have the best quality with the wet cake are the main component. And the last was economy analysis. From the result, The briquette fuel from 100% wet cake from wastewater of ethanol industrial has the heating value 3,851.3 cal/g, Ash 34.3% Fixed carbon 30.2%, Volatile matter 33.2% and moisture 5.3% with this parameter the wet cake does not meet the quality standard, it need to improve and develop to meet standard for the makeup of coal and firewood. In this research, the researcher was added the biomass (mangosteen shell, durian shell and coconut shell) to the briquette fuel from wet cake in 5 ratios (9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4 and 5:5) of 3 samples. From the results, show the best ratio was the 5:5 all three samples with the highest heating value and fixed carbon with the addition biomass in the sample and also decreases the ash content and volatile matter. The highest heating value was briquette fuel co-production with coconut shell and follow with mangosteen shell and durian shell. From the economic analyze the briquette fuel at ration 5:5 that it have the value of investment and a payback in less time. The results of this research can contribute to the promotion and development of the waste materials from the production and consumption of agricultural utilized cost-effectively and is another way to reduce the environmental problems the other way.

   KEYWORDS : Wet cake, ethanol biofuel, co-production, briquette

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5. DESIGN OF AUTOMATIC GENERATION CONTROL USING THE METHOD OF INEQUALITIES
   Raksanai Nidhiritdhikrai, Suchin Arunsawatwong and Bundhit Eua-arporn

   Abstract

   This paper describes a new design strategy for a multiarea Automatic Generation Control (AGC) system and a procedure for solving it using the method of inequalities. In this strategy, electricity market constraints are taken into consideration in order to increase technical and economical reliability of the system. The design problem is formulated as a set of inequalities in accordance with the multiobjective nature of the problem. As a result, the design can be carried out in an effective way.

   KEYWORDS : Automatic generation control, Ancillary service, Method of inequalities, Control systems design

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Volume : 10    Issue : 3    Year : 2013